48 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK MOUNTZ INC. 1080 N. 11th Street, San Jose, CA 95112 TEL 1-866-303-7854 FAX 408-292-2733 EMAIL sales@mountztorque.com WEB www.mountztorque.com DEMYSTIFYING TORQUE: WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW To many manufacturers, the concept of torque is a mystery. Ask them to describe the physics of torque and you’ll likely meet a blank stare. Cracking open a dictionary won’t help much either. To the layman the definition reads like a foreign language that owes more to mysticism than science. Despite the confusion, proper control of this mysterious force remains a critical component for quality manufacturing and has a direct impact on the bottom line issues like product quality, reliability and safety. What is Torque? Torque is a “turning” or “twisting” force and differs from tension, which is created by a straight pull. However, we use torque to create a tension. Why? A bolt tensioned properly works at its optimum efficiency and will resist coming undone. However, if the tension is too low, the nut could vibrate or work loose. If the tension is too high (overstretched), the bolt could break. Ever y bolt has a correct optimum torque/tension figure for each fastening application. It is important to have these figures available so that the end product will be safe, efficient and economical. How Do We Measure Torque? How? As the nut and bolt are tightened, the two plates are clamped together. The thread angle in the bolt converts the force applied into tension (or stretch) in the bolt shank. The amount of the tension created in the bolt is critical. BUSINESS FOCUS ARTICLE Torque is the result of multiplying the value of Force applied by the Distance from the point of application. Comparing the two examples, please note that the same Torque result can be achieved with a lower Force if the Distance from the nut/bolt is increased. Another factor that affects applied torque when using torque wrenches is if it is “length dependent,” which means that the actual torque applied to the fastener varies if the hand position on the wrench is varied (even if the wrench is preset). This occurs if the pivot point of the wrench mechanism is not coincidental with the point of application of torque. CONTINUED ON PAGE 150
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