66 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK Industrial Fasteners Institute 636 Oak Tree Blvd. • Independence Ohio 44131 Phone: 216.241.1482 • Fax: 216.241.5901 www.indfast.org ASTM A193 B7, A194, 2H AND OTHER BOLTING STANDARDS NOW REQUIRE DECARBURIZATION INSPECTION by Joe Greenslade Director of Engineering Technology, IFI Decarburization is the loss of carbon from the surface of steel and alloy heat treated threaded fasteners. This is the result of improper controls in the hardening furnace used to harden fasteners. When a bolt or nut is decarburized the threads have less strength than the fastener’s core. Excessive decarburization can cause the threads to strip off the bolts before they meet their required tensile strength or strip out of nuts before they reach their required proof load. A standard hardness test is taken in the core of fasteners and decarburization is not detected. If the threads strip off bolts or out of nuts during tensile and/or proof load testing, decarb should be suspected, but its presence can only be determined by testing as described below. The ASTM A01 Committee has decided that decarburization is a serious enough problem that all heat treated grades of fasteners shall be tested for decarburization. The ASTM Technical Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys governs the following popular bolting material standards: • A193/A193M Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for High-Temperature Service • A194/A194M Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure and High-Temperature Service • A320/A320M Alloy Steel Bolting Materials for Low- Temperature Service • A437/A437M Alloy-Steel Turbine-Type Bolting Material Specially Heat Treated for High-Temperature Service • A453/A453M High-Temperature Bolting Materials With Expansion Coefficients Comparable to Austenitic Stainless Steels • A540/A540M Alloy Steel Bolting Materials for Special Applications • A1014/A1014M Precipitation- Hardening Bolting Material (UNS N07718) for High Temperature Service A few years ago the ASTM A01 committee created ASTM A962/A962M, the Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Bolting Intended for Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range. The scope of this standard states: This specification covers a group of common requirements that shall apply to carbon, alloy, stainless steel, and nickel alloy bolting under any of the following ASTM Specifications (or under any other ASTM Specifications that invoke this specification or portions thereof): A193/A193M, A194/A194M, A320/A320M, A437/A437M, A453/A453M, A540/A540M, and A1014/A1014M. please turn to page 240
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