Views
6 years ago

SPRING 2018

  • Text
  • Fastener
  • Fasteners
  • Products
  • Manufacturing
  • Screws
  • Distributor
  • Founded
  • Distributors
  • Stainless
  • Bolts
Distributor's Link Magazine Spring 2018 / Vol 41 No2

12 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S

12 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK Guy Avellon Guy Avellon has been in MRO and Fastener Distribution for over 30 years, in such positions Sales Engineer, Chief Engineer, Manager of Product Marketing, Product Engineering & Quality and Director of Quality & Engineering. He founded GT Technical Consultants where he performs failure analysis, lectures on fastener safety, works for law firms and designs/audits Quality systems. He is a member of SAE, is Vice Chairman of the ASTM F16 Fastener Committee, Chairman of the F16.01 Test Methods Committee and received the ASTM Award of Merit in 2005. Guy can be contacted at 847- 477-5057, Email: ExpertBoltGuy@gmail.com or visit www.BoltFailure.com. WHAT FASTENER DISTRIBUTORS NEED TO KNOW ABOUT SPRING WASHERS The Belleville washer is known by several names, such as; a compression washer, conical spring, conical compression washer, spring disc, or the most common, the Belleville spring washer. The washer is named after Julien Francois Belleville, who was granted a patent in 1861. Even so, little is known about how it is used and its existence is often forgotten. The Belleville spring is conical in shape. Being a spring, it will compress at a given rate producing very high loads in a very small space that are constant during periods of joint relaxation which will help keep the joint together. The Belleville washer is very advantageous when multiple factors are involved, such as with thermal expansion, softer materials, dissimilar metals, gasketed joints and with multiple bolts. Depending on materials and strength, they may be used in critical and non-critical applications. Some of the available materials range from high carbon 1075 steel, 6150 alloy steel, 301 and 17-7PH stainless steels and H-13 tool steel. Inconel X-750 and X-718 are also used. Spring material choice is based on application, environment and operating temperatures. The Belleville spring washer is designed to prevent loosening from a variety of factors, such as vibration, embedment relaxation into softer materials and / or thread flanks, bolt creep, stress relaxation, thermal expansion and relaxation as well as elastic interaction. From prior discussions, we know that a fastener will lose between 10-15% of its initial preload just from normal relaxation soon after it is tightened. In a multiple bolting connection, adjacent fasteners can lose over 50% on solid joints and over 75% with a gasketed connection CONTRIBUTOR ARTICLE due to an elastic interaction between the fasteners, even if criss-cross torqueing is used. This is because when the second bolt is tightened, it further compresses the joint and allows the first bolt to relax and so on with the other bolts in the connection. However, cross torquing helps but loads will still change in flanges under pressure and temperature variables. Bolt creep and stress relaxation happens when the joint experiences elevated temperatures. During this steady high temperature exposure, the bolt will relax over a period of time. Creep is the amount of tension loss the bolt experiences, which is a factor of the bolt material, temperature and the time exposed to that temperature. Differential thermal expansion happens when the joint heats up from the thermal resistance experienced in an electrical connector, friction from compressed air or fluids flowing through pipes and from heated fluids conducting heat in flanges and connectors. Thermal conductivity will cause expansion of the parts closest to the heat source. These parts will naturally expand faster than parts further away. When parts cool, they all cool at different rates, which depends upon the material and the temperatures. For instance, in an electrical connection there is either aluminum or copper. Each will expand faster than the steel bolt, unless it is bronze. When the heat source stops, the aluminum and copper will cool and contract faster than the steel bolt, causing a loose joint. During this time when the joint is loose, the joint can leak until parts expand again and the nut is susceptible to loosening. Electric bus bars are very susceptible to thermal loosening. CONTINUED ON PAGE 104

  • Page 6 and 7: in thespring 2018 issue of 6 DISTRI
  • Page 8: 6 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK Rotor Cl
  • Page 12: 10 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK Laurenc
  • Page 26: 24 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK Joe Dys
  • Page 30: 28 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK FASTENE
  • Page 36: 34 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK Anthony
  • Page 40 and 41: 38 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK PENN EN
  • Page 42: 40 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK Jim Tru
  • Page 46 and 47: 44 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK Robert
  • Page 48 and 49: 46 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK GLOBALF
  • Page 50 and 51: 48 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK EARNEST
  • Page 54: 50 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK ROTOR C
  • Page 57 and 58: THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK 53
  • Page 60: 56 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK VOGELSA
  • Page 63 and 64:

    THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK 59

  • Page 65 and 66:

    THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK 61 www.Ame

  • Page 68 and 69:

    64 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK MID-WES

  • Page 70:

    66 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK John R.

  • Page 74:

    70 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK CONTINE

  • Page 77 and 78:

    THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK 73

  • Page 80:

    76 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK ND INDU

  • Page 83 and 84:

    SEMS AND SPECIALS INC THE DISTRIBUT

  • Page 85 and 86:

    THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK 81 NINGBO

  • Page 88:

    84 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK COMPUTE

  • Page 92 and 93:

    88 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK STRUT &

  • Page 94 and 95:

    90 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK SOUTHWE

  • Page 96 and 97:

    92 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK BTM MAN

  • Page 98:

    94 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK Solon M

  • Page 104 and 105:

    100 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK BENGT

  • Page 106 and 107:

    102 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK LAUREN

  • Page 108 and 109:

    104 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK GUY AV

  • Page 110:

    106 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK ICHARD

  • Page 113 and 114:

    THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK 109 Hodell

  • Page 115 and 116:

    MWFA HOLIDAY PARTY ADDISON, IL - DE

  • Page 118 and 119:

    114 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK COMPUT

  • Page 120 and 121:

    116 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK ANTHON

  • Page 122 and 123:

    fastenerlinks THE DEFINITIVE WEB DI

  • Page 124 and 125:

    fastenerlinks BRINGING YOU THE FAST

  • Page 126 and 127:

    fastenerlinks BRINGING YOU THE FAST

  • Page 128:

    124 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK STAFDA

  • Page 131 and 132:

    THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK 127 BRIGHT

  • Page 133 and 134:

    THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK 129 DDI Sy

  • Page 135:

    THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK 131

  • Page 139 and 140:

    THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK 135 WOMEN

  • Page 142 and 143:

    138 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK VOGELS

  • Page 144 and 145:

    140 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK ROMAN

  • Page 146:

    142 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK JOHN G

  • Page 149 and 150:

    THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK 145 Sherex

  • Page 151 and 152:

    THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK 147 NATION

  • Page 153 and 154:

    THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK 149 Wrough

  • Page 156 and 157:

    152 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK RICHAR

  • Page 158 and 159:

    154 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK CARMEN

  • Page 160 and 161:

    156 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK BTM Ma

  • Page 162:

    158 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK ROBERT

  • Page 165 and 166:

    THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK 161 J.W. W

  • Page 168 and 169:

    164 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK LAUREN

  • Page 170 and 171:

    166 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK RICHAR

  • Page 172:

    168 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK METROP

  • Page 175 and 176:

    THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK 171 The NE

  • Page 178 and 179:

    174 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK MID-AT

  • Page 180:

    176 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK LAUREN

  • Page 183 and 184:

    THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK 179 J.W. W

  • Page 186 and 187:

    182 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK RICHAR

  • Page 188 and 189:

    184 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK Würth

  • Page 190:

    186 THE DISTRIBUTOR’S LINK As a p

  • Page 194:

    MWFA HOLIDAY PARTY ADDISON, IL - DE

  • Page 198:

    advertisers index # 3Q, INC. 60 Spl

  • Page 202:

    advertisers index I INNOVATIVE COMP

SHARE A PAGE FROM THIS MAGAZINE

OPTION 1: Click on the share tab above, or OPTION 2: Click on the icon (far right of toolbar) and then click on the icon (top right of the page).

Copyright © Distributor's Link, Inc. All Rights Reserved | Privacy Policy